Blog

Opening the NPT Review Conference at UN Headquarters in New York today (27 April 2026), Secretary-General António Guterres said, “Global military spending soared to 2.7 trillion dollars last year, thirteen times more than all development aid globally, and equivalent to the entire Gross Domestic Product of Africa. For the first time in decades, the number of nuclear warheads is on the rise. Nuclear testing is back on the table. Some governments are openly mulling the acquisition of these horrific weapons. Have we forgotten that a nuclear war cannot be won and must not be fought? Have we forgotten that nuclear weapons make no one safer? Have we forgotten that the only reason the world did not tumble into the abyss was because leaders stood together and said: enough?”

Guterres added, “As you begin your deliberations today, I urge you to focus on two key points. First, countries must keep their promises under the Treaty. Without caveats. Without conditions. Without delays. Without excuses. It is time to re-commit to disarmament and non-proliferation as the only true path to peace.”

He concluded: “The Treaty is not a relic of a former age, frozen in amber. It must grapple with the nexus between nuclear weapons and new technologies. It must ensure that, until nuclear weapons are eliminated, humanity never cedes control over their use. And it must help expand access to the benefits of nuclear science and technology for sustainable development.”

Vietnam’s Permanent Representative Đỗ Hùng Việt, who presides over the conference, said, “For more than half a century, the NPT has played a vital role in curbing the spread of nuclear weapons, advancing nuclear disarmament and promoting the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. As a crucial part of the NPT regime review conferences have served as our points of reference on both where we stand and where we must go. They have guided our collective path toward the aspiration of a world free of nuclear weapons.”

Việt added, “This is not just another review conference. The success or failure of this conference will have implications way beyond these halls and way beyond these next five years. The prospects of a new nuclear arms race are looming over us, the scale of which we are yet to fathom. The prospects of a world without an effective functioning NPT regime would, in all likelihood, be one where regional rivalries increasingly have nuclear dimensions, where the taboo against nuclear use erodes further, and where collective security is diminished by the potential spread of nuclear weapons.”

The United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, UAE, and Australia all objected to Iran serving position as Vice-President of the General Committee, though none called for a vote, citing a desire not to disrupt the conference’s work. Iran retained the position.

The United States representative said, “Indeed, it is an affront to the NPT itself that a country that has so blatantly disregarded its obligations under the treaty should take a place of honor and responsibility as a Vice President on the General Committee that should help coordinate our work over the next four weeks. Our commission is to strengthen the treaty and affirm its commitments. But choosing to open this review conference by conferring leadership on a country that is notoriously violating the very treaty it has pledged to uphold, is an affront to countries that treat the NPT commitments seriously.”

Addressing the press after the Security Council meeting on about ‘Safety and Protection of Waterways in the Maritime Domain,’ Amir Saeid Iravani, Permanent Representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran, said “In constraint, Iran’s measures in the state of Hormuz was grounded in Iran’s right and obligation under the law of the sea and its national laws and regulations. Iran’s lawful measures aim to strike an appropriate balance between security interests of the coastal state and the continuous safe conduct of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz in a high volatile environment.”

Highlights:
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Security Council
Lebanon/Israel
Lebanon/Humanitarian
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Syria
Mali
Mali/Humanitarian
Sudan
South Sudan
Chad
Central African Republic
Ukraine
Micronesia
Colombia
Briefings
Financial Contribution

NON-PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS

This morning, the Secretary-General addressed the opening of the 11th review conference of the parties to the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.

He told Member States that for the first time in decades, the number of nuclear warheads is on the rise, and nuclear testing is back on the table. Hard-won norms are eroding and arms control is dying, Mr. Guterres added.

Across the decades, the Secretary-General reminded Member States that they developed a web of instruments to prevent the use, to prevent the proliferation and to prevent the testing of nuclear weapons, and to achieve their total elimination. The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is the bedrock of these efforts.

The Secretary-General called on countries to keep their promises under the Treaty. He also called on them to use the discussions starting to lay the groundwork for the Treaty to evolve, so that it is able to ensure that until nuclear weapons are eliminated, humanity never cedes control over their use; and that nuclear science and technology can be used to benefit sustainable development.

SECURITY COUNCIL

The Secretary-General, as well as Arsenio Dominguez, the head of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), briefed the Security Council this morning on maritime security, with the Secretary-General warning that merchant shipping is being used as a tool of pressure and navigational rights and freedoms – bedrock principles of the Law of the Sea – are being undermined. He said that the Strait of Hormuz is one of the world’s most critical maritime chokepoints and its blockage has resulted in the worst supply chain disruption since the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. Prolonged disruption risks triggering a global food emergency – pushing millions, especially in Africa and South Asia, into hunger and poverty, Mr. Guterres warned.

The Secretary-General said that the UN Charter’s prohibition of the threat or use of force applies fully at sea. Navigational rights and freedoms of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz must be respected, as affirmed by the Council’s 2817 Resolution.

Mr. Guterres appealed to the parties to open the Strait, to let ships pass with no tolls and no discrimination, let trade resume and let the global economy breathe, he said.

Arsenio Dominguez, the IMO Secretary-General, said that his agency’s main concern remains the safety and the well-being of the roughly 20,000 innocent seafarers who are trapped in the Gulf due to this conflict.

Following the IMO Council decision, he has begun the development of an evacuation framework, using existing traffic separation scheme, to securely evacuate ships and seafarers from the conflict zone, provided it is safe to do so.

Christofides said, “We are at a critical early phase of establishing the GSF. We remain acutely aware of the suffering endured by the Haitian people, particularly those living under gang control. There is an urgent need for concrete action to restore security and hope. We are not starting from zero. But we are starting differently.”

On operational planning, Christofides added, “The mission is taking shape in a structured and deliberate manner. A deployment plan has been developed in consultation with the Haitian authorities, focused on priority areas and leveraging the specialized capabilities of contributing forces. The objective is clear: to degrade the operational capacity of gangs to a level that Haitian institutions can sustainably manage, thereby creating the time and space necessary for the State to reassert its authority.”

He said, “In parallel, we are advancing civilian deployment and establishing the core structures necessary to support intelligence-led mission planning, coordination, and oversight. The Concept of Operations has been finalized, providing a clear framework for how the mission will operate in practice, including integration with Haitian counterparts.”

Speakers:
– Dr. Peter Haugan, Co-Chair, International Science Council’s Expert Group on Ocean; Policy Director, Institute of Marine Research; and Professor, Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen
– Dr. Ellycia Harrould-Kolieb, Lecturer in Ecosystem Governance & Policy, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne

Moderator:
– Léa Nacache, Communications Officer, International Science Council

Join us during the UN Ocean Conference from June 9-13 and hear about the transformation and solutions needed to accelerate action on the SDGs.

The Conference aims to drive urgent action to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Ocean science, pollution, fishing, maritime transport, biodiversity, financing and cooperation are among the issues to be tackled.

Speakers:
– Johnson Jament, Founding Director of BlueGreen Coastal Resources, India, and Member of the Asian Indigenous Peoples Pact Foundation
– Milika Sobey, Member, Women in Fisheries Network of Fiji

Moderator:
-Dianna Pizarro, Global Coordinator for Indigenous Peoples, World Bank

Join us during the UN Ocean Conference from June 9-13 and hear about the transformation and solutions needed to accelerate action on the SDGs.

The Conference aims to drive urgent action to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. Ocean science, pollution, fishing, maritime transport, biodiversity, financing and cooperation are among the issues to be tackled.

Nakamitsu called upon all state parties “to take their collective responsibility very seriously and call on them to engage in good faith and also flexibility.”

She said, “I am not sure if there is a high ambition as such, that, you know, extremely ambitious, detailed disarmament, commitments will be forthcoming in the NPT. But I think that shared sentiment of crisis that, my God, we need to protect this regime. Otherwise, the world will suffer from even further instability and insecurity. That shared sentiment, I think, will help states parties to engage with each other.

Taking questions from reporters, the disarmament chief said, “Israel has never admitted formally or denied. but, generally speaking, it is recognised as possessing, nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons, as, non-party. They’re not a party to the NPT.”

She said four states have been called upon “to accede to NPT as non-nuclear weapon states. Those four states are Israel, India, Pakistan, and South Sudan.”

When it comes to nuclear weapons, Nakamitsu said, “we are in a very, unfortunate situation where the gains of past, I mean, gains that we have made towards the end of the Cold War, by the INF treaty – which also does not exist anymore – and during the post-Cold War era disarmament gains, now really, one by one, gone. And we are beginning to see a reversal, in that trajectory.”

The conversation will showcase how young people are co-creating stability locally and globally, while also previewing how this evidence will feed directly into the UN Secretary-General’s forthcoming independent study on youth’s positive contributions to peace which aims to politically advance the youth, peace and security agenda.

Moderator
Ishaan Shah, Lead Next Generation Fellow, UN Foundation

Highlights:
-Lebanon/Israel
-Lebanon/Humanitarian
– Occupied Palestinian Territory
– UN80
– Deputy Secretary-General
– Food Insecurity and Malnutrition
– Democratic Republic of the Congo
– ABYEI
– Somalia
– peace-building Fund
– Trust Fund in Support of the Gang Suppression Force
– EXPO 2027
– International Days
———————————

LEBANON/ISRAEL

We are deeply saddened to learn of the death of yet another Blue Helmet, who died earlier today. The Secretary‑General expresses his deepest condolences to the family, friends, and colleagues of 31-year old Corporal Rico Pramudia, of Indonesia, as well as to the Government and people of his country.

Corporal Pramudia succumbed to his wounds sustained in an incident that took place on 29 March, when a projectile hit his position at Adchit Al Qusayr, in southern Lebanon. At that time, his position came under fire, amidst hostilities between Israel and Hizbullah.

[On that weekend, another incident], you will recall tragically claimed the life of Indonesian peacekeeper Cadet Fahrizal Rambe. As previously shared, preliminary findings of the investigation indicate that a shell fired from an Israel Defense Forces Merkava tank struck a UNIFIL position, leading to the death of [Cadet Fahrizal Rambe.]

In order to mitigate risks to UN personnel, UNIFIL has repeatedly provided the Israel Defense Forces with the coordinates of all UN positions and facilities.

The Secretary‑General once again calls on all to uphold their obligations under international humanitarian law and to ensure the safety and security of UN personnel, as well as the inviolability of UN property and assets at all times.

As a tragic reminder of the dangers of these hostilities, With Corporal Pramudia’s passing, six peacekeepers serving with UNIFIL have now been killed and several others seriously injured amidst the recent hostilities between Hizbullah and Israel. These incidents are unacceptable and they must stop. We have requested that the relevant parties ensure these cases are investigated and, where appropriate, prosecuted by national authorities in order to bring the perpetrators to justice and ensure accountability. Attacks against UN peacekeepers may constitute war crimes under international law.

On the political front, the Secretary-General welcomes the announcement yesterday of a three-week extension to the cessation of hostilities arrangement agreed to by the Lebanese government and Israel. Mr. Guterres urges all to fully respect the cessation of hostilities and to cease further attacks.

Despite this agreement, our peacekeeping colleagues in the South did report a concerning incident earlier this afternoon. As a UNIFIL patrol was clearing a roadblock near the village of Tiri, in Sector West, an Israeli drone dropped a stun grenade a few metres from the peacekeepers. Roadblock clearance is essential to ensure the freedom of movement of all UNIFIL patrols. Thankfully, no peacekeepers were injured, and the patrol was able to continue on its work.

LEBANON/HUMANITARIAN

Moving to the humanitarian front in Lebanon, our colleagues at the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs say that while the ceasefire has slowed down displacement, people are still on the move as families trying to return to their communities face damaged homes, disrupted services and continued security risks.

There are nearly 116,000 people that are still registered in collective shelters countrywide. That is down by about 4 per cent just from yesterday. These are the registered numbers. Our humanitarian colleagues tell us that hundreds of thousands of people remain displaced outside of these shelters, and they are staying with relatives, host communities and other makeshift arrangements.

In Beirut, displacement has increased as instability persists in parts of southern Lebanon.

Some families are going back briefly to check on their homes, but returns remain limited in the South, Nabatieh, in Beirut’s southern suburbs and parts of the Bekaa valley.

OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY

Turning to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, our colleagues in the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs yesterday released a new mapping of access restrictions that Israeli forces have set up across the West Bank, including East Jerusalem.

It shows that restrictions on movements and access of Palestinians across the West Bank is tightening. On at least three occasions last month, Israeli forces installed obstacles, which can include checkpoints, gates, trenches and earth mounds, across Nablus, Salfit and Tubas governorates in the West Bank. These obstacles disrupt people’s access to services, homes and livelihoods and come on top of other restrictions that have been imposed for decades.

The four candidates so far in the running participated in a series of “interactive dialogues” at UN Headquarters in New York.